Causes of hypertension and signs of disease development

Hypertension is a disease that is accompanied by a pronounced increase in blood pressure. High blood pressure destroys blood vessels, which become narrowed and injured in a short time. The vessels cannot withstand the strong blood flow and rupture, causing hemorrhage. An increase in pressure can be observed in patients of any gender, and the causes of the pathology can be very different. Some of the main reasons include genetic factors, drinking large amounts of alcohol, pregnancy and age-related changes.

Factors provoking the development of the disease

Experts say that any deviation from the norm is individual for each patient. Considering this factor, in a patient diagnosed with hypertension, the causes and symptoms differ and are not always sufficiently expressed. For each patient with this pathology, a specific treatment is selected and it is impossible to use templates.

What can cause hypertension in a person and what signs of the disease should you pay attention to? The following risk factors are identified and can provoke the development of pathology:

1. Extra pounds on the human body often cause high blood pressure. This is due to the fact that blood saturation of adipose tissue is a rather complex process. Even gaining a few extra pounds leads to increased stress on the blood supply system and can cause disturbances in the functioning of the heart and arterial bed.

2. Constant stay indoors and lack of fresh air containing the necessary oxygen content can have a negative impact on human health. Vasodilation helps compensate for the hypoxic mixture of the lungs, and prolonged stay in poorly ventilated rooms provokes the appearance of symptoms of high blood pressure.
3. Another provoking factor, under the influence of which juvenile hypertension can occur, is the growth of testosterone in the body. This results in the appearance of signs of the disease and the gradual development of hypertension.
4. Frequent stressful situations and emotional stress can cause an increase in blood pressure. With the chronic nature of their development, all organs are in constant tone, which leads to wear and tear on the vessels and a reduction in their elasticity.
5. Various injuries and brain damage can cause the appearance of hypertension. They cause a narrowing of the lumen of the canal and the body must actively fight against the resulting hypotony.

In fact, high blood pressure is not detected only in cases of already existing atherosclerotic changes in the blood vessels. The development of hypertension is possible with an increased concentration of cholesterol in the human body, which creates certain difficulties with blood circulation. The fact is that cholesterol plaques are an atherosclerotic process.

Etiology and causes of the disease

To prescribe effective treatment, it is important to identify all possible causes of hypertension. It is necessary to establish factors that can subsequently cause an increase in pressure. The causes of hypertension are very diverse and continue to be studied by doctors today.

The causes of pulmonary hypertension in patients of any gender and age lie in narrowing the diameter of small vessels. Gradually, the vascular walls begin to feel pressure from the blood, which leads to the development of hypertension. The etiology of the development of such a disease has not yet been fully studied by specialists. Many experts claim that the causes of hypertension are disturbances in the functioning of the circulatory system.

In most cases, the causes of hypertension cannot be established, as there can be so many of them. At the same time, we can identify the most common causes of pathology that provoke the development of the disease:

1. Congenital hypertension.Many diseases are hereditary and hypertension is no exception. In about half of patients, the cause of hypertension is hidden in heredity. If your parents have high blood pressure, your risk of suffering from it doubles.

2. Bad nutrition.The pathogenesis of the development of vascular diseases may be poor nutrition. Salty foods can cause high blood pressure and cause illness. It will take some time for the kidneys to remove excess sodium from the body, and in the meantime, excess salt will retain water. This results in the appearance of edema and an increase in circulating blood volume in patients suffering from hypertension.
3. Smoking.Tobacco contains nicotine, which increases heart rate and blood pressure. Chronic smoking presents a danger for the smoker and those around them.
4. Alcohol abuse.Drinking large amounts of alcohol and having a hangover in the morning have a negative impact on health and blood pressure. Statistics show that people under the influence of alcohol often suffer various injuries. Alcohol abuse, from a very young age, often causes hypertension and numerous pathologies of the heart and vascular system.
5. Many sufferweather dependence, that is to say, they are particularly sensitive to weather changes. Even healthy people who move little and stay indoors for a long time can be dependent on weather conditions. Meteocrises in hypertensive patients develop mainly in unusual climatic conditions.

In case of high blood pressure, one of the causes is physical inactivity, that is, low physical activity. At the same time, active sports can have negative consequences on the body. Patients with excess weight, pathologies of the heart and vascular system will have to refuse increased physical stress on the body.

Hypertension affects 1/3 of the adult population and is mainly an independent disease. In all other situations of high blood pressure, the causes lie in the progression of human pathologies of other organs and systems, for example, the lungs or kidneys.

In medical practice, there is secondary hypertension. The main causes of such hypertension are:

• renal hypertension develops when the arteries that supply blood to the kidneys are blocked;
• tumors of the adrenal glands appear, causing the production of increased amounts of hormones;
• obesity and metabolic syndrome.

When a person develops hypertension, it is accompanied by the development of certain symptoms. It is important to seek advice from a specialist as soon as the first signs of the disease appear, which will allow treatment to begin as soon as possible.

At what age can hypertension develop and its first signs?

Hypertension can begin to develop at a young age, but is most often detected in patients after 40 years of age. In its development, hypertension goes through several stages and each of them is accompanied by the appearance of certain symptoms. At the initial stage of the development of the disease, pressure indicators increase up to 140-159 mm Hg. In addition, signs of hypertension may appear as follows:

• headaches localized to the temples and back of the head;
• impaired performance combined with a constant desire to sleep and decreased appetite;
• the appearance of spots in the eyes, and especially with a sudden change in body position;
• attention and memory problems;
• shortness of breath with little physical exertion;
• change in facial skin color.

The first signs of hypertension most often appear rather moderately and disappear after a certain time. Despite this, it is imperative to seek advice from a specialist, because hypertension can be successfully treated from the very beginning of its course.

As high blood pressure develops, symptoms of the disease may appear, such as nausea, frequent dizziness, bleeding from the nasal cavity, and numbness of the fingers. When hypertension reaches the final stage of its development, complications such as stroke, heart attack, arrhythmia and cardiac dysfunction may occur.

Features of the development of the disease in men

The development of hypertension in women is less pronounced than in men. This pathological condition is much more easily tolerated by them and does not cause serious health problems. With the development of hypertension in men, the skin of the face becomes bright red at the initial stage of the development of the pathology.

Why is hypertension more often diagnosed in men and not women? The fact is that the fairer sex is protected from the development of such pathology by female sex hormones and regular menstrual bleeding. In addition, women are much more attentive to their health than men.

In high blood pressure, the etiology in men lies in obesity, bad habits, sedentary lifestyle and work stress. High blood pressure is considered a significant burden on the male body and leads to dangerous complications. The stronger sex often develops problems such as angina, heart attacks, strokes and kidney pathologies.

High blood pressure poses a serious danger at any age, for both women and men. When the first signs of illness appear, you should consult a doctor, which will avoid the development of many complications. To successfully treat hypertension, the symptoms and causes of the pathology should be identified as early as possible and its elimination should begin immediately.