Hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure level is increased stable, which is fixed by repeated measurements. Increased pressure is an support factor in many diseases and can cause the development of complications from the cardiovascular system.Hypertension requires constant control and drug treatment. In the modern clinic "MedcentrsERVIC", you can undergo a complete examination, if necessary, the doctor will select effective therapy.
High blood pressure varietiesThe most common mixed form of hypertension, in which systolic and diastolic pressure increases. Less often, a single type of blood pressure develops, which is characteristic of the elderly.Due to the occurrence, 2 types of arterial hypertension are distinguished:Primary or essential. It is impossible to establish the exact cause of the disease because there are no pathologies that could cause increased pressure. Most often, essential hypertension appears due to stress, a sedentary lifestyle, due to a genetic predisposition.Secondary. As a result of other diseases, you can precisely determine the cause of increased pressure. In most cases, secondary hypertension develops if a person has kidney diseases. Depending on the level of systolic and diastolic pressure, 3 degrees of hypertension are distinguished:1 degree. It takes place in a gentle form, an increase in systolic blood pressure to 140 mm HG is noted. Art. , Diastolic - up to 90 mm Hg. Art.2 degrees. The moderate pressure increases at 180/110 mm RT. Art. Organic lesions of the organs of the cardiovascular system can be observed.3 degrees. There is an increase in systolic and / or diastolic pressure to the mark of 200/115 mm Hg. Art. This condition can cause serious complications, as the blood supply of the internal organs is disrupted.Important! If the hypertension of the 1st degree is not treated, there is a high probability that the disease will progress. Very high pressure indicators can cause a hypertensive crisis, which is heavy with a stroke.
ComplicationsWith a long or severe hypertension course, complications may occur. Among the most dangerous, they highlight:The brain injury that turns into stroke. The consequences of the disease are unpredictable and the rehabilitation period takes a long time. Cardiac diseases and circulatory system - Myocardial infarction, arterial aneurysm.Kidney disease. In the context of high blood pressure, kidney failure can develop, an imbalance in the volume of salt and liquid in the body can occur.Frequent complications are hypertensive crises. Periodic short -term pressure elevators are accompanied by severe headaches, rapid vomiting and heart rhythms.
Diagnosis and examination with the increase in blood pressureHypertension can lead to serious complications, it is therefore important to diagnose the disease in a timely time. First of all, you should measure the pressure and examine the so -called target organs.The steps necessary to make the diagnosis of "hypertension" and the calculation of the severity of the disease:The pressure measurement is independent periodic at home, in the doctor's office.Passing the analysis of blood and urine.The evaluation of the work of the heart muscle - is carried out using a phonedoscope or more detailed - by an ECG or an ultrasound of the heart.Dopplerography - allows you to assess the condition of the blood passing through the vessels at the heart.Arteriography - allows you to see the condition of the arterial walls.Inspection of the bottom of the eyes - necessary at the initial stage of hypertension. With an increase in pressure from the retinal vein, the eyes develop and the arteries are narrowed.Ultrasound of the kidneys and adrenal glands - the study allows you to assess the work of the kidneys, to identify damage to the renal tissue.Important! During the first signs of hypertension, you must certainly consult a doctor. Diagnosis in a timely time and the full examination will allow you to choose an effective treatment and avoid complications.
Highty preventionFor hypertension prevention, you must adhere to a number of simple recommendations:Regularly measure blood pressure, drive a newspaper with its indicators. Even a small deviation of 10 mm Hg. Art. Systolic or diastolic blood pressure, if it occurs regularly, can become an alarming bell.Follow the lifestyle - motor activity, nutrition, exclude bad habits.Study regularly with the doctor.Compliance with these simple rules will help minimize risks.
Blood pressure measurement rules for the diagnosis of high blood pressureTo obtain an objective image when measuring the pressure, it is important:At least half an hour before the procedure, abandon smoking, tea consumption, coffee, alcohol and other stimulating drinks, meals and physical effort.When measuring the pressure, take a practical position and do not meet your legs.The pressure gauge must be at the heart of the heart.To minimize errors, it is recommended to repeat the procedure 2-3 times.The difference between the indicators on the left and on the right can be 10 mm Hg. Art. Or even 20 mm Hg. Art.To get an objective image, regularly measure pressure at home and add data to the newspaper.Hypertension is one of the most common diseases among people of different ages. Therefore, it is important to be responsible for your health and to periodically examine the doctor.
The causes of hypertensionSometimes blood pressure can increase in an absolutely healthy person - it is a natural reaction of the body to stress and physical activity. If in a calm state, at least with three control measures, there is an increase in blood pressure to 140/90 mm Hg. Art. Or more, there is a probability of diagnosis - hypertension. The disease develops due to altered mechanisms which regulate blood pressure. There are several reasons causing the increase in blood pressure:Congenital or acquired renal hypertension. In the event of violation of the renal blood circulation, the kidneys are released in the body an increased amount of substance called renin. As a result, a spasm of small vessels occurs, the vascular walls gradually thicken, an excess of liquid is delayed in the blood circulation. The processes described increase the load on the heart, cause an increase in blood pressure.Nervous over. Stress and chronic fatigue often lead to the development of hypertension.Hormonal dysfunctions and metabolic disorders. They lead to circulatory disorders in the tissues.Often, an increase in blood pressure is observed with age. For people aged 20 to 40, normal pressure is 120 / 70–130 / 80 mm Hg. Art. , 40-60 years - 140/90 mm Hg. Art. , Over 60 years - 140 / 90–150 / 90 mm Hg. Art.A fairly common cause of pathology is inheritance. In addition, the factors causing high pressure include: Smoke and drink alcoholic drinks;sedentary lifestyle;overweight;Incorrect nutrition.If a person has a history of at least one of the above risk factors, it is recommended to regularly undergo a physical exam and pass all the necessary tests. It is important to consider that hypertension at the initial stage can develop without pronounced symptoms.
Hypertension symptomsHypertension is an insidious disease. At the initial stage, pathology may not show itself, but the asymptomatic course is no less dangerous. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly measure blood pressure and undergo a medical examination. This is particularly important for patients in a risk group.The first symptoms of hypertension:Frequent headache;nasal bleeding;heart rate violation;vision of vision;tinnitus.With more serious hypertension, the above symptoms can join:weakness;nausea;to vomit;muscle tremor; confusion;Pain in the chest.Often people are daring to appear symptoms of hypertension to general fatigue. But when the first alarming bells appear, you should immediately consult a doctor. With increased pressure, the heart and the kidneys work with the maximum load, which can lead to a hypertonic crisis, heart and kidney failure.
Hypertension treatmentHypertension is a chronic disease, in the treatment of which a complete approach is necessary:Change of lifestyle - It is recommended to increase motor activity, to monitor the diet;The use of drugs will help reduce blood pressure and avoid complications.Be careful! Only a doctor can prescribe drug treatment and select the dosage of drugs. You cannot self-medical so as not to worsen the situation yet.This article is published only for the purposes of familiarization for cognitive purposes and is not scientific equipment or professional medical advice. For diagnosis and treatment, see a doctor.
